Stroke Survivors: Get Hip Protection
LifeSource Vitamins
Stroke victims have a high frequency of hip fractures for a number of
reasons. Because they are often weak or paralyzed on one side of their
body, they are at increased risk of falling. In addition, people who have
had a stroke may become housebound and therefore unable to obtain the
sunlight exposure needed to manufacture bone-protecting vitamin D. Stroke
patients also tend to have elevated blood levels of homocysteine (a
breakdown product of the amino acid methionine), a risk factor both for
cardiovascular disease and for osteoporosis and fractures.
In the current study, participants were elderly people (average age, 71
years) who had suffered a stroke at least one year prior to the study. The
average homocysteine level in the participants was above normal at the
start of the study. Each person was randomly assigned to receive a
combination of folic acid (5 mg per day) and vitamin B12 (1,500 mcg per
day, as methylcobalamin) or a placebo for two years. These vitamins have
been shown to reduce homocysteine levels and might, therefore, lower the
risk of osteoporosis and of further cardiovascular problems. After two
years, the average homocysteine concentration decreased by 38% in the group
receiving the vitamins and increased by 31% in the placebo group.
During the study, hip fractures occurred in 1.9% of participants given the
vitamin supplements and in 8.6% of those receiving the placebo. Thus,
supplementing with folic acid and vitamin B12 reduced the incidence of hip
fractures by 78%. Based on these results, the researchers calculated that,
for every stroke patient treated with folic acid and vitamin B12 for two
years, one hip fracture would be prevented.
Vitamin supplementation did not seem to prevent fractures by reducing the
number of falls, since the frequency of falls was similar in the vitamin
and placebo groups. Earlier studies suggested that homocysteine is toxic to
bones, decreasing both bone density and the quality of bone tissue.
Therefore, folic acid and vitamin B12 therapy probably prevented fractures
by reducing the level of homocysteine in the body.
The results of this study demonstrate that stroke victims can reduce their
chances of having a hip fracture by supplementing with folic acid and
vitamin B12. Other people with high homocysteine levels might also benefit
from taking these vitamins. In addition to folic acid and vitamin B12,
several other nutrients play a role in lowering homocysteine levels,
including vitamin B6, choline, and betaine.
Newswire (April 28, 2005)-People who have suffered a stroke are at high risk of sustaining a hip fracture in the years after their stroke; however, supplementing with folic acid and vitamin B12 can greatly reduce the chances that stroke victims will break a hip, reports the Journal of the American Medical Association (2005;293:1082-8).
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